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State of emergency in Honduras: impact on rights and security

Xiomara Castro

The emergency state in Honduras, in effect since December 2022, remains a subject of debate due to its prolongation and concerns regarding potential overreach of authority and infringement of human rights. This action was declared by President Xiomara Castro’s government with the expressed purpose of addressing criminal activity, particularly extortion and gang operations like those of Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and Barrio 18. The enforcement of the emergency state has resulted in the suspension of some constitutional rights, permitting detentions without warrants and limiting movement freedom in several regions of the nation.

The state of emergency has been prolonged several times since it was first enacted. In January 2025, the duration was increased by 45 more days, affecting 226 of the nation’s 298 municipalities. While officials claim this measure is vital for battling crime, different groups have raised alarms about potential misuse and the absence of tangible outcomes.

Discussion about efficiency and civil liberties during the emergency situation

Entities like the Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) have highlighted that the emergency state endangers human rights, calling on the Honduran authorities to ensure adherence to the rule of law and prevent unnecessary limitations on basic freedoms. The authorities have announced a reduction in murder rates and a breakdown of criminal groups during the emergency period. Nevertheless, information suggests that extortion and violence persist in troubling the community. Furthermore, there have been recorded instances of misconduct by security personnel, such as unwarranted arrests and the heavy application of force.

The extension of this measure has sparked a debate about its effectiveness and implications for human rights. While the executive branch maintains that the state of emergency is a necessary tool to combat crime, national and international organizations are calling for a review of its application and for guarantees that security measures do not compromise the fundamental freedoms of citizens.

Therefore, the emergency status in Honduras is a divisive action aimed at addressing violent crime, yet it has ignited discussions regarding its efficiency, legality, and human rights observance. The prolongation of this extraordinary action presents obstacles to ensuring basic liberties and strengthening a democratic system that safeguards both the security and rights of the populace.

By Winston Phell

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